Spider neurotoxins and their neuronal receptors
نویسنده
چکیده
Seven high molecular weight neurotoxins which stimulate secretion of various neurotransmitters were isolated from the venom of black widow spider Latrodectus mactans tredecimauttatus. Among them a-latrotoxin is very specific for vertebrate while latroinsectotoxins are active only for insects, a-latrocrustatoxin affects crustacean nerve endings. Latrotoxin preparation consists of 130 and 8 kD proteins. The cDNAs encoding a-latrotoxin and a-latroinsectotoxin were cloned and sequenced. Membrane receptors for all neurotoxins were studied in nerve tissue preparations of appropriate animals. a-Latrotoxin was shown to open the ion channels in the membrane of XenoDus oocytes injected by brain mRNA fraction.
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